In collaboration with industry partners Dow and Adient, JLR has created a closed-loop supply chain to reduce 44kg of CO2e emissions per new seat produced.
BMW Brilliance Automotive has set up a closed loop for reuse of the raw materials nickel, lithium and cobalt from high-voltage batteries in China.
The Volkswagen Group aims to achieve a closed-loop process of recovering precious raw materials from lithium-ion batteries, and also help protect the climate.
The Nissan Rogue is the first global Nissan model to be built using the closed-loop system for aluminium parts, setting a precedent for future Nissan models.
Audi's aluminium recycling concept, Aluminium Closed Loop, has saved over 350,000 metric tons of CO2 emissions since its introduction.
Audi and Umicore have successfully completed phase one of their strategic research cooperation for battery recycling.